BOTANY

Unity of life - Observing the cells

Observing the cells - Tools and techniques

• Tools and techniques - Microscopy
• Microscopy - Principles
• Microscopy - Compound microscope
• Microscopy - Electron microscope
• Microscopy - Sectioning and staining
• Tools and techniques - Techniques in cell biology
• Techniques in cell biology - Cell fractionation
• Techniques in cell biology - Autoradiography and others
• Tools and techniques - Tissue culture
• Tissue culture - History
• Tissue culture - Experiments
• Observing the cells - Cell envelopes
• Cell envelopes - Structure of cell membranes

Structure of cell membranes - Sandwich model

• Structure of cell membranes - Unit membrane model
• Structure of cell membranes - Fluid mosaic model
• Structure of cell membranes - Modifications
• Structure of cell membranes - Composition

Cell envelopes - Functions of cell membranes

• Functions of cell membranes - Physical processes
• Functions of cell membranes - Active processes
• Functions of cell membranes - Role in locomotion

Cell envelopes - Cell wall

• Cell wall - Structure and function
• Observing the cells - Cell organelles
• Cell organelles - Membranous organelles

Membranous organelles - Nucleus

• Membranous organelles - Endoplasmic reticulum
• Membranous organelles - Golgi bodies
• Membranous organelles - Mitochondria
• Membranous organelles - Plastids
• Membranous organelles - Lysosomes
• Membranous organelles - Microbodies

Cell organelles - Nonmembranous organelles

• Nonmembranous organelles - Ribosomes
• Nonmembranous organelles - Centrioles
• Nonmembranous organelles - Cilia and flagella
• Nonmembranous organelles - Microtubules
• Nonmembranous organelles - Microfilaments
• Cell organelles - Protoplasm

Protoplasm - Vacuoles

• Protoplasm - Inclusions